Waterborne illnesses are caused by water that is contaminated by germs such as viruses, bacteria or parasites.
Sources of Waterborne Infection
Contaminated water can be found in a wide variety of water sources that people encounter:
- Well water
- Natural sources such as lakes, rivers, oceans and swamps
- Recreational water sources such as interactive fountains, splash pads, swimming pools, hot tubs, water parks and water play areas.
- Municipal water supplies that supply homes and businesses can become contaminated if their water treatment systems are inadequate, or when contamination can enter the water system through broken supply pipes, loss of water pressure, or other reasons.
How You Can Be Infected
People and animals can become infected by:
- Swallowing contaminated water.
- Consuming food that has come into contact with contaminated water.
- Inhaling droplets of contaminated water in the air (aerosolized water).
- Skin contact with contaminated water, especially if your have a sore or wound.
Symptoms
Diarrhea and vomiting are the most commonly reported symptoms of waterborne illness. Symptoms can also include wound infections and eye, ear, and respiratory problems.
Types of Waterborne Illnesses
- CryptosporidiumThe leading cause of waterborne illness in the United States
- Giardia
- Shigella
- Norovirus
- Otitis Externa (Swimmer’s Ear)
- Legionella
- Vibrio
Learn More
- Disinfecting private wells
- Water safety after a flood
- Preventing Waterborne Germs at Home CDC
- Visiting Oceans, Lakes, and Rivers CDC
- Healthy Swimming CDC
- Avoid Contaminated Water During Travel CDC